Sleep is a fundamental behavioral state found across the animal kingdom, yet most of what we know about sleep is heavily ...

Researchers developed a molecule targeting the mu opioid receptor (at left, binding to morphine) that can be controlled with ...

Unlike dissolved inorganic nitrogen, which is scarce in much of the tropical, subtropical, and temperate surface ocean, ...

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The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) and its open access sibling journal PNAS Nexus are both nonprofit mission-driven journals published by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) ...

Surface dust poses a fundamental challenge to extraterrestrial human exploration, a reality demonstrated by the operational ...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) persist in aquatic environments due to their ultrastable C–F bonds and poor susceptibility to ...

All organisms use the same common 20 amino acids as building blocks for the biosynthesis of proteins. The ability to augment the genetically encoded amino acids with unnatural amino acids containing ...

We study ionic current fluctuations in solid-state nanopores over a wide frequency range and present a complete description of the noise characteristics. At low frequencies (f ≲ 100 Hz) we observe ...

Birds, bees, lizards, elephants, and chimpanzees all share a survival trait: They self-medicate. These animals eat things that make them feel better, or prevent disease, or kill parasites like ...

Climate change exposes people to conditions that are historically unusual but that will become increasingly common over time. What kind of weather do people think of as normal or unusual under these ...

The origins of the major MRSA clones are still poorly understood. Kreiswirth et al. (11) proposed that all MRSAs were descended from a single ancestral S. aureus strain that acquired mecA, but more ...