A significant performance element in communication and radar systems, as well as wireless devices, is the antenna, which may be defined as a transducer between a guided electromagnetic (EM) wave ...

Microstrip patch antennas can be fed by a variety of methods. These methods can be classified into two categories-contacting and non-contacting. In the contacting method, the RF power is fed directly ...

When it comes to actual antennas in the real world, much of our knowledge is empirical. We know very broadly theories that explain how a point charge radiates (Maxwell’s equations), the need for ...

Microstrip transmission lines are widely used, providing compact and lightweight electronic circuits that are readily adaptable to hybrid and monolithic integrated-circuit (IC) fabrication technology.