Esbon is a city in Jewell County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 69. Esbon was laid out in 1873…Esbon is a city in Jewell County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 69. Esbon was laid out in 1873. It was incorporated as a city in 1904. The first post office in Esbon was established in January 1874.